Chamber and committees

I refer the member to the answer to question S6W-01036 on
13 July 2021. All answers to written parliamentary questions are available on the Parliament's website, the search facility for which can be found at http://www.parliament.scot/parliamentarybusiness/28877.aspx

We recognise the importance of good, safe, secure and warm homes for people’s wellbeing and our vision is that everyone should have a home that meets their needs.

Priority for social housing in Scotland is based on housing need and an assessment of an applicant’s individual circumstances. Scottish housing law requires social landlords to give reasonable preference to specific categories of applicant. This means that anyone including Service leavers, ex-Service personnel, their spouses and partners who find themselves homeless, threatened with homelessness or with a high level of housing need, for example where they are leaving tied accommodation, need family support or have medical needs, will receive priority for social housing.

Following the publication of the Scottish Veterans Commissioners report “Housing: Making a Home in Civilian Society,” we will consider the recommendation to encourage all social landlords to include ex-Service personnel as a priority group in their Allocations policies and will develop an action plan to take this forward.

To date, over 75 expressions of interest have been submitted by local authorities. Zero Waste Scotland is currently working with local authorities to develop detailed bids. These will be reviewed in line with the fund’s governance arrangements before a decision is made on initial funding awards.

The Scottish Government has worked in partnership with COSLA, SOLACE and Zero Waste Scotland to develop arrangements for the fund. More information on the aims, scope and distribution of the fund is available at: https://www.zerowastescotland.org.uk/local-authorities/recycling-improvement-fund

In line with Investing for jobs: Capital Spending Review , the table outlines the distribution of the £70 million fund over the 5 year period:

The Scottish Government microplastics monitoring programme began in 2013, and has undertaken annual surveys since that time. There have been nearly 400 locations sampled between 2013 and 2020. There is currently an insufficient data series to determine if a trend exists or to be able to say when a baseline may be determined. However annual surveys continue to gather data, in order to work toward determining a baseline and/or trends.

The Scottish Government is taking action across the board to reduce marine litter including via preventative as well as removal initiatives, legislation and policies under our Marine Litter Strategy.

Preventative measures to reduce plastic pollution sources have included introducing bans on rinse-off personal care products containing plastic microbeads in 2018, and on plastic-stemmed cotton buds in 2019. We have also drafted regulations to restrict many other problematic single-use plastic items such as expanded polystyrene cups and containers, cutlery, plates, stirrers, straws, balloon sticks and all oxo-degradable products. Legislation is expected to be introduced at the end of 2021.

Many behaviour change initiatives have also been supported to reduce marine litter sources. In May 2020, regulations were passed by parliament for our ambitious Deposit Return Scheme (DRS), covering drinks in glass, PET plastic, and metal containers. We are the first UK administration to develop a Deposit Return Scheme and we believe that DRS will help raise recycling rates, cut emissions, and reduce littering.

In addition, we supported the Trial Period Campaign in 2019 promoting reusable sanitary products over single-use items. We have also supported behaviour change within industry to reduce the second largest direct source of microplastic pollution which is in the form of plastic pellets, powders and flakes, commonly known as nurdles. This has been achieved with the development of a Publicly Available Specification with the British Standards Institution to prevent loss at sites handling or managing pellets and will be published in July 2021. Future work includes building on pellet loss prevention measures and improving waste management in our fishing industry to reduce this source of litter and increase recycling rates.

To support removal, we have funded KIMO’s Fishing for Litter project which helps fishers to responsibly dispose of waste passively caught during fishing operations. We have funded the annual bulk removal of waste at Arrochar, a marine litter sink case study area where the local shore area is subject to a disproportionate level of plastic pollution. To target riverine litter which contributes to the marine plastic pollution problem, we also fund Keep Scotland Beautiful’s Upstream Battle project. The Scottish Government also recognises the important role of volunteers in removing beach litter before it is washed back to sea, and funds Local Coastal Partnerships to support local communities in organising beach cleans. The refreshed Marine Litter Strategy will increase focus on marine litter removal and target rivers which are major pathways for plastics into our seas.

While the Scottish Government continues to monitor research into issues relating to zero emission vehicles, we have not conducted specific analysis in the potential increase in microplastic waste from electric vehicles.

The Scottish Government has published a new Road Safety Framework to 2030 (RSF2030). The Framework sets out a vision for Scotland to have the best road safety performance in the world by 2030 and an ambitious long term goal where no one is seriously injured or killed on our roads by 2050. We will build on what we have already achieved and our new framework will do so through a sharper road safety focus, improved education and evaluation, mode specific targets and stronger connections between national and local levels.

It is the responsibility of The Scottish Government to plan campaign activity based on statistical data and the identification of the most serious risks to people in Scotland. When attending accidents, Police Scotland record contributory factors, being able to select from a list of 78 possible ones and, in 2019 (the last year for which data are available) almost 7,000 instances of these contributory factors were recorded. “Tyres illegal, defective or under-inflated” was recorded on only 14 occasions, and ranked 57 th out of 78.

Therefore, it is unlikely we would consider a dedicated campaign such as you suggest but, we will continue to support Tyresafe’s annual campaign through Road Safety Scotland’s social media channels as well as having occasional background public messages on Traffic Scotland’s Variable Message Signs advising on checking tyre pressure. A 2019 report, “Non-Exhaust Emissions from Road Traffic” concluded the most effective mitigation strategies for reducing wear-generated fine particulate matter are: to reduce overall volumes of traffic; reduce speed limits; and promote good driving behaviour, all of which are part of The Scottish Government’s plans to reduce casualties and improve air quality.

The Scottish Government has made a commitment to phase out the need for new petrol or diesel light commercial vehicles in public bodies by 2025; the need for any new petrol or diesel vehicles in public sector fleets by 2030; and the need for new petrol or diesel cars or vans by 2030.

The Scottish Government is aware of the issue of microplastic and other forms of pollution from road vehicles of all kinds. A 2019 report, “Non-Exhaust Emissions from Road Traffic” concluded the most effective mitigation strategies for reducing wear-generated fine particulate matter are: to reduce overall volumes of traffic; reduce speed limits; and promote good driving behaviour, all of which are part of our plans to reduce casualties and improve air quality.

Reducing the number and use of vehicles is central to reducing all types of pollution that they generate. The National Transport Strategy promotes walking, cycling, public transport and bike, car and ride sharing in preference to single occupancy car use. In the Climate Change Plan update published in December 2020, the Scottish Government committed to reducing car kilometres by 20% by 2030.

To date the Scottish Government has had no discussions with either the UK Government or tyre manufacturers on setting tyre abrasion standards.

Marine Scotland has spent £115,176 since 2016 on monitoring and supporting science of seabed marine plastics, floating surface microplastics and also beach litter citizen science data collected by the Marine Conservation Society volunteers. These costs do not include the vessel costs associated with monitoring marine plastics at sea as this monitoring is carried out using existing surveys.

Marine Scotland has also spent £213,437 since 2018 on monitoring and maintenance of the marine litter sink case study area of Arrochar to better understand the problem and inform future policies.

In addition, Marine Scotland also funded the Scrapbook project, a partnership between Moray Firth Partnership, Civil Air Support and the Marine Conservation Society, spending £123,000 in 2018/19. This aerial photography project identified marine litter sink hot spots around our coastline, providing a baseline for future monitoring and enabling effective, focused clean-up operations. Marine Scotland has taken the outputs of this project and added this data to the National Marine Plan Interactive (NMPi), which is free to access.