To ask the Scottish Executive how many prisoners were (a) known and (b) estimated to have drug dependency issues in each year since 1950.
I have asked Willie Pretswell, Interim Chief Executive of the Scottish Prison Service, to respond. His response is as follows:
This information is not available, however drug dependency performance data from 1970 is presented in the following tables.
Table 1
Year | Average Daily Population | Number known to have Drug Dependency Issues | Additional Information |
1970 | 5,003 | 35 | |
1971 | 5,338 | 42 | |
1972 | 5,220 | 87 | |
1973 | 4,810 | 40 | |
1974 | 4,689 | 6 | Figure relates only to hard drugs e.g. Heroin |
1975 | 4,951 | 17 | |
1976 | 4,884 | 32 | Figure relates only to hard drugs e.g. Heroin |
1977 | 4,871 | 15 | |
1978 | 5,062 | 42 | |
1979 | 4,585 | 35 | |
1980 | 4,860 | 69 | |
1981 | 4,518 | 121 | |
1982 | 4,891 | Not recorded this year | |
1983 | 5,052 | 490 | Recorded as dependent or having recently abused drugs |
1984 | 4,753 | 1,163 | |
1985 | 5,273 | Report is not available | |
1986 | 5,587 | Report is not available | |
1987 | 5,446 | Report is not available | |
1988 | 5,229 | Report is not available | |
1989-90 | 4,920 | 2,301 | |
1990-91 | 4,753 | 2,714 | |
Table 2
Year | Methodology | Average Daily Population | Number of Tests Completed | Proportion Estimated to have Drug Dependency Issues |
1996-97 | MDT* | 5,993 | Information is not available | 36% |
1997-98 | MDT | 6,059 | 7,070 | 29% |
1998-99 | MDT | 6,029 | 7,162 | 25% |
1999-00 | MDT | 5,975 | 6,605 | 22% |
2000-01 | MDT | 5,883 | 5,647 | 21% |
2001-02 | MDT | 6,186 | 6,974 | 22% |
2002-03 | MDT | 6,475 | 7,529 | 23% |
2003-04 | MDT | 6,621 | 6,456 | 35% |
2004-05 | MDT | 6,779 | 7,308 | 37% |
Note: *The phased introduction of MDT from February 1996 meant that not all establishments were carrying out tests for all of 1996-97.
The following data are not comparable with the above due to differing testing methodology |
Year | Methodology | Average Daily Population | Number of Tests Completed | Proportion estimated to have drug dependency issues |
2005-06 | APM | 6,857 | 903 | 34% |
2006-07 | APM | 7,183 | 1,784 | 41% |
The following data are not comparable with the above due to differing testing methodology |
2007-08 | APT | 7,376 | 836 | 71% |
2008-09 | APT | 7,835 | 1,112 | 75% |
Notes:
No information is available between 1991 and 1996. However research was carried out during this time and the findings of the report were used to inform future policy. Shewan D, Gemmell M and Davies JB; Drug Use and Scottish Prisons “ Summary Report; 1994.
MDT - Mandatory Drug Testing (1996 to 2005)
A random 10% of the current prisoner population per month were tested. The Key Performance Indicator for this measure was 85% drug free.
ATM - Addiction Testing measure (2005-06 to 2006-07)
A random 5% sample of the prisoner population is tested three times per year. The test was voluntary and the results anonymous and could not be attributed to the individual tested. This measure was designed to better inform the interventions required to meet prisoner needs. The voluntary nature of the test resulted in low participation rates.
APT - Addiction Prevalence Testing (2007-08 to 2008-09)
This test took place in two months of the year and involved testing all admissions and liberations, (equivalent to 5% of total annual admissions and liberations). This allows key measurement of reduction in drug use between admission and liberation. There was a chain of custody and the obtained sample was sent to an independent lab for testing. The test was mandatory but anonymous; therefore a positive test did not result in punishment but there was an incentive to take part resulting in higher numbers being tested.