To ask the Scottish Executive what measures are being put in place to tackle clostridium difficile in hospitals.
The principal interventions effective against clostridium difficile (C.diff) in our hospitals are rapid diagnosis and isolation of patients; prudent prescribing of antibiotics; environmental cleaning; and rigorous hand hygiene procedures.
Mandatory national reporting of C.diff cases by laboratories was established in 2006, and the national C.diff reference laboratory for Scotland was established in 2008, which is a source of expert advice as well as providing information on typing of strains such as the hyper-virulent O27 strain. A national policy on provision of single rooms in new hospitals is also under development.
Prudent prescribing guidance was issued to NHS boards in 2005 by the HAI Task Force, and this was followed up by the launch in March 2008 of the Scottish Management of Antimicrobial Resistance Action Plan. The action plan has already resulted in the funding and establishment of the Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group, which will oversee national surveillance of resistance and antibiotic use, and drive improvements in prescribing practice.
The Scottish Government’s HAI Task Force issued the national cleaning services specification in 2004, and the related monitoring system has shown continuing improvements in hospital cleaning standards across Scotland ever since. Monitoring of compliance with hand hygiene has also shown good improvements, with all NHS boards making good progress towards achieving our target of 90% hand hygiene compliance by staff by November 2008. This is supported by our ongoing national hand hygiene campaign.
Health Protection Scotland have also issued a model policy document on transmission based precautions, advice on management of C.diff O27, and a “care bundle” of five essential elements of care for all C.diff patients. An overarching new Scottish guidance document on C.diff is currently under preparation by HPS.
The independent review of Vale of Leven cases announced by me on 18 June 2008 will examine any failings there may have been in following these procedures.